In all phases of the JW-RWA project, from design to deployment to analysis and reporting, the research team followed strict procedural methods to avoid and mitigate bias and data contamination. Sampling biases were avoided by making the anonymous, voluntary survey accessible to all baptized adult Jehovah’s Witnesses across Rwanda. Clear protocols and training were issued for those involved in recruitment, technical and literacy support, and data handling. The survey questionnaire was designed to encourage candid responses. A socially desirable response question set was incorporated to strengthen data quality. The Rwanda National Ethics Committee approved the questionnaire and research methodology. An international academic advisory committee reviewed the study design, survey instrument, data findings, working manuscripts, and the final reports. Research experts at the Ministry of National Unity and Civic Engagement reviewed the analysis for clarity and scientific reporting methods. (Section 2, Methodology, page 67)
